Bees recognize mainly 2 (visible for humans) colors: yellow and blue. They can also see near UV. Bees also perfectly distinguish white and black.
But graph of hue sensitivity of their eyes shows 3 peaks: for yellow, green and blue - so we painted hives using various shades of these colors. With white semicircle pointing them "door".
Anyway, hive color is not deciding . Bees have excellent spacial orientation - something like personal GPS - which allows them to imprint in memory exact position of their "home". The accuracy is +/- 0.5m in left/right direction and +/- 1 m front/rear direction. They also notice rotation of hive position as tiny, as 1 deg.
Surely, they remember neighbourhood: trees, bushes, etc.
Apart from that each family has its own smell.
So any bee uses 3 different skills to find out her own home: remembering position, scent and recognizing color.
No portion of this page, text, images or code,
may be copied, reproduced, published or distributed in any medium without
the expressed written permission of the copyright holder.